An FPGA-based real-time event sampler

This paper presents the design and FPGA-implementation of a sampler that is suited for sampling real-time events in embedded systems. Such sampling is useful, for example, to test whether real-time events are handled in time on such systems. By designing and implementing the sampler as a logic analyzer on an FPGA, several design parameters can be explored and easily modified to match the behavior of different kinds of embedded systems. Moreover, the trade-off between price and performance becomes easy, as it mainly exists of choosing the appropriate type and speed grade of an FPGA family

A Performance Comparison between Enlightenment and Emulation in Microsoft Hyper-V

Microsoft MS Hyper-V is a native hypervisor that enables platform virtualization on x86-64 systems It is a microkernelized hypervisor where a host operating system provides the drivers for the hardware This approach leverages MS Hyper-V to support enlightenments the Microsoft name for Paravirtualization in addition to the hardware emulation virtualization technique This paper provides a quantitative performance comparison using different tests and scenarios between enlightened and emulated Virtual Machines VMs hosted by MS Hyper-V server 2012 The experimental results show that MS enlightenments improve performance by a factor of more than tw

Real-time capabilities in the standard Linux Kernel: How to enable and use them?

Linux was originally designed as a general purpose operating system without consideration for real-time applications. Recently, it has become more attractive to the real-time community due to its low cost and open source approach. In order to help the real-time community, we will present in this paper the practical steps required to achieve a real-time Linux by applying the PREEMPT-RT patches which will provide Linux with these capabilities. We will also focus on some of the kernel configuration that should get attention while building the kernel in order to maintain the real-time behavior of the system during runtime. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15012

RTS hypervisor qualification for real-time systems

Virtualization is a synonym for the server and cloud computing arena. Recently, it started to be also applied to real-time embedded systems with timing constraints. However, virtualization products for data centers and desktop computing cannot be readily applied to embedded systems because of differences in requirements, use cases, and computer architecture. Bridging the gap between virtualization and real-time requirements imposes the need of real-time virtualization products. Therefore, some embedded software manufacturers have built several real-time hypervisors specialized for embedded systems. Currently, there are several commercial ones such as Greenhills INTEGRITY MultiVisor, Real-Time Systems (RTS) GmbH Hypervisor, Tenasys eVM for Windows, National Instruments Real-Time Hyper Hypervisor, and some others. This paper provides the behavior and performance results of evaluating RTS hypervisor and gives advices of its use for soft or hard real-time embedded systems

Studie van geheugeneffecten in SOI-MOS transistoren bij zeer lage temperaturen (4K,77K)

SIGLEKULeuven Campusbibliotheek Exacte Wetenschappen / UCL - Université Catholique de LouvainBEBelgiu

International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication Real-time capabilities in the standard Linux Kernel: How to enable and use them? __________________________________________________*****

Abstract-Linux was originally designed as a general purpose operating system without consideration for real-time applications. Recently, it has become more attractive to the real-time community due to its low cost and open source approach. In order to help the real-time community, we will present in this paper the practical steps required to achieve a real-time Linux by applying the PREEMPT-RT patches which will provide Linux with these capabilities. We will also focus on some of the kernel configuration that should get attention while building the kernel in order to maintain the real-time behavior of the system during runtime

LinuxPREEMPT-RT vs. commercial RTOSs: how big is the performance gap?

Real-time operating systems (RTOSs) are getting more and more important for different uses in industry and become an integral part of commercial products today. Currently, there are many types of RTOSs, either open source or commercial ones with less or more features and characteristics. The aim of this research is to benchmark the real-time (RT) behaviour and performance of an open source RTOS (Linux PREEMPT-RT v3.6.6-rt17) and two commercial ones (QNX and Windows Embedded Compact 7), where all of them fall in the same RTOS category: they use virtual memory techniques to protect the kernel from user space, and protect the user space applications from each other. Flat memory RTOS’s are not in this category. The benchmark is based on experimental measurements’ metrics such as thread switch latency, interrupt latency, sustained interrupt frequency, mutex and semaphore acquisition and release durations, and finally the locking behaviour of mutex. These tests are executed on an x86 platform (ATOM processor) following a test framework and using non-invasive measurement equipment. The results show that the Linux PREEMPT-RT in its current version 3.6.6 is starting to be a competitor against the tested commercial RTOSs